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Drones in agriculture
2023/03/01
Today, labor has become the most expensive cost of modern agriculture. The rapid growth of the world’s population along with global warming and natural disasters has caused question about how to “feed the world”. Compare to the other industries, agriculture may be the first to facing an aging workforce and labor shortage due to urbanization.
Agriculture can be divided into four parts: farming, planting, management and harvesting. Crop protection is an important part of farm management, including control of weeds, insects and diseases. It accounts for more than 80% of the time and investment, but less than 10% farmlands are mechanized managed, mostly in developed countries.
Technology is improving the existing farming model. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) or drones have become the key to unlocking modern agriculture by saving labors and improving efficiency. Drones have gradually expanded to the agricultural field from the initial application in the fields of mapping, surveillance, and positioning recognition.
Drones in agriculture today have been mainly used for the farmland surveying, crop growth monitoring, soil fertility testing, crop irrigation and chemical spraying. Equipped with high-definition cameras and multi-spectral sensors, drones can obtain high-precision farmland data and perform smart farming management. Combining drones with remote sensors, machine learning, and Internet of Things technology, farmers can visualize cultivation condition and establish monitoring system of crop health, soil condition, pests and weeds occurrence. In addition, drones can provide precise spraying of agrochemicals to realize the prevention and control of disease and insect pests. With the continuous improvement of technology and price affordability, drones in agriculture will have huge market potential and broad application prospects.
Drones fit the scenes that are difficult for humans and agricultural machinery to handle, including paddy fields, high-stalk crops, mountain regions, etc. In Southeast Asia, where rice is the staple food, drones are widely used for sowing and spraying through the entire growth cycle. In Europe, where grape is the major commercial crop, drones are suitable for steep terrain of mountain vineyard to save labor costs. The features of convenience, precision and safety have been commonly recognized by farmers, and the drone market is growing rapidly.
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